Eggs are laid individually on leaves or fruit and are very difficult to find, especially in a commercial orchard. The codling moth egg is oval, flat and, when first laid, almost transparent. Infestations in stone fruits such as apricot and cherry are extremely rare and usually occur only where heavy infestations of apple or pear are nearby. Pears have some natural resistance to attack by codling moth when fruit are small because of their hardness, however, pears can become heavily infested in late summer as they mature. In California, races of codling moth attack prune and walnut. HostsĬodling moth prefers apple but also attacks pear, large-fruited hawthorn and quince. It was not until synthetic organic insecticides became available in the late 1940s that the codling moth could be maintained at very low levels in commercial orchards. By the first half of the 20th century, the codling moth was a major pest in all apple growing districts of North America. If uncontrolled, codling moth can destroy most of the crop. Codling moth larvae bore deep into the fruit, making it unmarketable. With the exception of Japan and part of mainland Asia, it is found wherever apples are grown throughout the temperate regions of the world.
While at rest, these moths hold their wings roof-like over the body.Ĭodling moth originated in Asia Minor but has been a principal pest of apple and pear in North America for more than 200 years. The front wings are usually square tipped. These moths are small, usually gray or brown, and their wings have bands or mottled areas. It includes a number of important tree fruit pests, e.g., codling moth, oriental fruit moth and several species of leafrollers. This is one of the largest families of moths, with about 950 North American species.
By Jay Brunner, originally published 1993, revised 2018 Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)Ĭodling moth belongs to the family Tortricidae.
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